سامانه کنگره های دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی آذربایجان غربی

صفحه اصلی / بیستمین همایش سالیانه بیماری های شایع گوارش و کبد کودکان ایران و دومین همایش بین المللی چاقی کودکان

The Influence of Gut Microbiota on Gastrointestinal Diseases in Children

نویسندگان :

Mohammad Yousefi¹ Samaneh Sepahi² Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou³

1- دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه 2- دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه 3- دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه

کلمات کلیدی :

Gut Microbiota،Dysbiosis،Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases،Microbiome Therapy،Inflammatory Bowel Disease

چکیده :

Background and Aim: The gut microbiota plays a vital role in keeping our intestines healthy, regulating the immune system, and supporting metabolic functions in children. When there is an imbalance in these gut microbes, known as dysbiosis, it has been increasingly linked to various pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and infectious diarrhea. This review aims to delve into the current evidence regarding how gut microbiota influences the development, progression, and potential treatment of GI diseases in children. Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search using databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on studies published from 2010 to 2024. We used keywords such as "gut microbiota," "dysbiosis," "pediatric gastrointestinal diseases," and "microbiome therapy." We prioritized clinical trials, cohort studies, meta-analyses, and mechanistic studies. The data were synthesized to highlight key findings related to microbial dysregulation, host-microbe interactions, and emerging treatments. Results: The evidence suggests that the composition of microbiota in early life, exposure to antibiotics, and dietary factors significantly affect the risk of GI diseases in children. Dysbiosis is associated with increased intestinal permeability, immune dysregulation, and chronic inflammation. Therapeutic options like probiotics (for instance, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains), prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) show promise in restoring microbial balance and enhancing clinical outcomes. However, the variability in study designs and the lack of long-term data highlight the need for standardized protocols. Conclusion: The gut microbiota is a crucial player in pediatric GI health, with dysbiosis being a contributing factor to the onset and progression of diseases. Targeted microbiome therapies hold potential for personalized treatment, but more research, especially longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials, is essential to confirm their efficacy and safety.