سامانه کنگره های دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی آذربایجان غربی

صفحه اصلی / بیستمین همایش سالیانه بیماری های شایع گوارش و کبد کودکان ایران و دومین همایش بین المللی چاقی کودکان

Impact of diet-induced microbiome alterations on obesity: A review of current evidence

نویسندگان :

Sepideh Ebrahimi¹

1- دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه

کلمات کلیدی :

Gut microbiome،Diet،Obesity،Prebiotics،Probiotics

چکیده :

Abstract Background and Aim: The gut microbiome is known to be a key component in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and inflammatory processes in the human body. Recent studies have shown that the composition and diversity of this microbial community are directly influenced by dietary patterns, and that disruption of the microbial balance (dysbiosis) may contribute to the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders. The gut microbiome also influences the regulation of appetite and feeding behavior through the gut-brain axis and plays a key role in the initiation of chronic inflammation and insulin resistance, which are closely linked to excessive fat accumulation. Methods: This review was conducted to investigate the relationship between the composition of the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and the impact of dietary factors on obesity. Relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: Evidence from human and animal studies suggests that high-fat, high-calorie diets reduce microbial diversity and increase the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, which is associated with increased energy extraction from food and fat storage. In contrast, diets rich in fiber and polyphenols promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that have a protective role in reducing inflammation and preventing obesity. Conclusion: In conclusion, this review highlights the significant potential of dietary changes, probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, and lifestyle improvements in modulating the gut microbiome as an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Further prospective and large-scale intervention studies are needed to elucidate the molecular pathways and mechanisms underlying this relationship. Keywords: Gut microbiome; Diet; Obesity; Prebiotics; Probiotics.