سامانه کنگره های دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی آذربایجان غربی

صفحه اصلی / بیستمین همایش سالیانه بیماری های شایع گوارش و کبد کودکان ایران و دومین همایش بین المللی چاقی کودکان

The Effect of Ketogenic Diet on Anthropometric Indices in Obese Pediatrics: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials

نویسندگان :

Maryam Sharifi¹ Marzieh Heidari² Jalal Moludi³ Amir Saber⁴

1- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 2- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 3- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 4- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

کلمات کلیدی :

Ketogenic diet،Low-carbohydrate diet،lipid profile،cardiovascular diseases،obese pediatrics

چکیده :

Abstract Background and Aim: Obesity has surged globally in the past two decades, especially among pediatric populations, increasing risks of impaired glycemic and lipid control. The ketogenic diet (KD) is characterized by a high-fat (70%) and low-carbohydrate (5%) composition. Recent studies have investigated the positive effects of KD on improving body composition among children. However, there has not been a comprehensive study to compile the evidence. Hence, we conducted this systematic review study to summarize the findings. Methods: We conducted a strategic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases using related keywords including "Ketogenic diet" OR "Carbohydrate-Restricted diet" AND "children" OR "Pediatrics" OR "Obesity" OR "Obese" from inception to January 2025. The inclusion criteria were all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in either English‐language journals or conference publications on children with obesity who followed the ketogenic diet. We applied the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist to assess the quality of included articles. Results: Out of 374 articles reviewed, only 7 met the eligibility criteria. These studies revealed that reducing carbohydrate intake is linked to improved obesity markers, including decreased body weight and fat percentage in children aged 9-16 years. Notably, weight loss was evenly distributed across the body and primarily consisted of fat, especially among children with body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile. The resting energy expenditure also decreased. However, no significant reduction in lean mass and BMI was observed. Conclusion: The results of this investigation demonstrate that a well-designed short-term ketogenic diet is effective in addressing obesity and reducing body fat, making it a valuable component of a comprehensive treatment strategy for pediatrics with obesity. However, more trials for more extended periods of intervention are advised to reach a conclusive conclusion.