سامانه کنگره های دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی آذربایجان غربی

صفحه اصلی / بیستمین همایش سالیانه بیماری های شایع گوارش و کبد کودکان ایران و دومین همایش بین المللی چاقی کودکان

The role of nutritional factors in the management of obese attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children

نویسندگان :

Aylin Ebrahimpour¹ Laleh Payahoo² Yaser Khajebishak³

1- دانشکده علوم پزشکی مراغه 2- دانشکده علوم پزشکی مراغه 3- دانشکده علوم پزشکی مراغه

کلمات کلیدی :

ADHD،artificial additives،preservatives،dietary components،childhood obesity

چکیده :

Background and Aims: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder among obese children and adolescents. In recent years, dietary factors have attracted more attention for their potential role in managing ADHD symptoms. This study aims to review the impact of nutritional components on controlling ADHD symptoms in children. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search covered articles published between 2000 and 2025 and utilized keywords such as "ADHD", "triggers", "protective", "artificial additives", "preservatives", "dietary patterns, "and "childhood obesity". Results: Dietary components have been implicated in diminishing or exacerbation of ADHD symptoms. Simple sugars, mainly found in sugary drinks and refined carbohydrates, can contribute to irritability and worsen ADHD in children by causing fluctuations in blood glucose levels. Artificial food colorings (AFCs) such as tartrazine and preservatives including sodium benzoate, commonly found in snacks have been linked to increased impulsivity in children by interfering with dopamine and norepinephrine signaling pathways in the brain. Moreover, gluten and casein may trigger immune responses that promote inflammation, potentially aggravating ADHD symptoms through their impact on the gut-brain axis. In contrast, certain dietary components may exert protective effects against ADHD. Omega-3 fatty acids enhances attention and cognitive function due to their anti-inflammatory properties and their role in brain cell membrane development. Essential micronutrients, such as iron and zinc, are crucial for dopamine synthesis, and their deficiencies have been associated with more severe ADHD symptoms. Additionally, magnesium and vitamin D contribute to neurotransmitter regulation, aiding in focus and impulse control. Furthermore, protein-rich foods provide tyrosine, a precursor to dopamine. Conclusion: Elimination diets that exclude AFCs, preservatives, and common allergens have demonstrated promising results in management ADHD. Adherence to a balanced healthy diet appears to have protective effects against both obesity and ADHD in children. Keywords: ADHD, artificial additives, preservatives, dietary components, childhood obesity.